EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS IN DOGS: REFERENCE TO CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Animal Medicine. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University

2 Department of Animal Medicine. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University

3 Department of Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sadat City University

Abstract

This study was carried out on 10 dogs that were subjected to experimentally-induced bacterial endocarditis. All the examined dogs were used as a control group before the induction of the experiment. The dogs with induced endocarditis showed wide variety of manifestations including fever, anorexia, decrease skin tugor, heavy panting, coughing, tremors at cardiac area, and loss of reflexes. Auscultation of the heart revealed the presence of valvular murmurs. The hematological examination proved a significant increase in WBCs count, PCV%, and neutrophil%. On the other hand, a significant decrease in lymphocyte%, Hb and RBCs count were recorded. Two-dimension echocardiography showed a nodular hyperechoic structure attached to the anterior leaflet and the wall of left atrium proximal to septal leaflet of the mitral valve which representing the bacterial vegetation. Besides the enlargement of left ventricular diameter which is also characteristic to infective endocarditis. By M-mode, the diastolic flutter of the anterior mitral valve leaflets and premature closure of mitral valve are distinctive to endocarditis. At necropsy, the heart revealed the presence of cauliflower-like masses that considerably reduced the size of the valvular orifice in some cases.  Histological examination revealed the presence of acute valvulitis, coronary thrombosis and bacterial colonies. This study aimed to throw a light on the early stages of pathological alterations associated with bacterial endocarditis in dogs.

 

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